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Word Formation


Halo selamat datang kembali di blog saya. Pada kali ini saya akan menjelaskan tentang word formation atau formasi kata. Word formation ialah proses pembentukan kata atau membangun kata  yang baru dengan cara-cara dan aturan tertentu seperti, menambahkan akhiran pada kata atau memberi imbuhan pada kata. Word formation dapat dibentuk melalui 3 cara, yaitu affixation, coumponding, dan conversion. Pada kali ini saya akan membahas affixation.

Affixation
Pembentukan kata dengan menambah awalan atau akhiran pada kata yang ada. Affixation terbagi menjadi 2, yaitu suffixation (akhiran) dan prefixation (awalan). Berikut saya akan memberikan contoh yang ada di suffication.
Noun
Berikut contoh imbuhan yang dapat digunakan untuk mengubah kata menjadi kata benda
1.       Or : actor, visitor, director, creator  
2.       Er  : speaker, engineer, opener, player
3.       Ist : scientist, satirist , journalist, pianist
4.       Ess : hostess, stewardess, actress, waitress
5.       Ty/ity : cruelty, purity, stupidity, priority
6.       ure/ture: failure, exposure, mixture, furniture
7.       Dom: freedom, kingdom, wisdom
8.       Age: passage, marriage, postage, mileage
9.       ance/ence: appearance, preference, patience
10.   Hood: likelihood, brotherhood, neighbourhood, sisterhood
11.   Ing: reading, opening, beginning, closing
12.   ion/sion/tion/ition/ation: operation, permission, description, invitation
13.   Ness: kindness, goodness, willingness, happyness
14.   y/ery: difficulty, enquiry, robbery, slavery, recovery
15.   Ship: partnership, membership, kinship, friendship
16.   Ment: government, development, movement, management
17.   T: complaint, restraint, learnt

Adjective
Berikut beberapa contoh imbuhan yang dapat digunakan untuk mengubah kata menjadi kata sifat
1.       able/ible: comfortable, fashionable, sensible, portable
2.       ic/atic: atomic, heroic, systematic, iconic
3.       Ful: beautiful, helpful, careful, useful
4.       Y: bloody, dirty, sunny, rainy
5.       Less: useless, homeless, careless, penniless
6.       al/ial/tial: personal, influential, preferential, magical
7.       ive/ative/itive: active, creative, sensitive, communicative
8.       ant/ent: pleasant, different, excellent, urgent
9.       -En: wooden, golden, woollen, lenghten
10.   Like: childlike, ladylike
11.   Ing: amusing, interesting, charming, boring
12.   Ous: dangerous, famous, mysterious, delicious
13.   Ish: bookish, childish, foolish, british
14.   Ly: friendly, lovely, manly, daily

Verb
Berikut beberapa contoh imbuhan yang dapat digunakan untuk mengubah kata menjadi kata kerja
1.       ize/ise: civilize, modernize, legalize
2.       ify/fy/efy: simplify, glorify, exemplify
3.       En: deepen, sharpen, lengthen, thicken

Adverb
Berikut beberapa contoh imbuhan yang dapat digunakan untuk mengubah kata menjadi kata keterangan.
1.       Ly: formally, calmly, easily, mainly
2.       ward/wards: homeward, afterwards, backwards, inward
3.       wise/ways: clockwise, otherwise, sideways, weatherwise
4.       Fold: twofold, threefold, fourfold

Itulah contoh-contoh imbuhan yang dapat digunakan dalam word formation. Terima kasih sudah mengunjungi blog ini dan sampai jumpa pada postingan selanjutnya.



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